Vocabulary
 barter (pg 343)
city-state (pg 333)
comedy (pg 350)
democracy (pg 339)
ephor (pg 352)
​helot (pg 353)
monarchy (pg 339)
oligarchy (pg 339)
sanctuary (pg 347)
tragedy (pg 350)
​trireme pg 357)
tyranny (pg 340)
​agora (pg 365)
alliance (pg 369)
conquest (pg 380)
Hellenistic (pg 379)
lyric poetry (pg 384)
philosopher (pg 372)
plague (pg 369)
Unit Overview
RISE OF CITY-STATES
Geography
rugged mountains, bays, inlets
very little farmland
Early Civilizations
Minoans
Mycenaeans
Worshiping the Gods
Festivals
Sanctuaries
Olympia
Delos
​Eleusis
Delphi
Sacrifices
TYPES OF GOVERNMENTS
Monarchy
Nobles help Kings defend their land. Kings share power
Tyranny
Athenians overthrow tyrant
Oligarchy
​Food shortages; people look for change
Democracy
Citizens share power; only someAthenians are citizens
ANCIENT GREEK RELIGION
Roles of the Gods
Zeus- the father of the gods, controlled the weather and made the rules for the other gods and humans to follow
Hera- the wife of Zeus and goddess of marriage
Poseidon - ​the god of the sea
Ares - the god of war
Dionysus - the god of wine ​
Apollo - the god of light, health and prophecy
Sparta vs. Athens
Government
Economy
Education
Athens
Democracy
Farming
​& Trade
emphasized culture,
​& education
Sparta
Oligarchy
Military
Emphasized military & discipline
THE GOLDEN AGE OF ATHENS
As one of the most influential generals in Athens, Pericles set three major goals to improve Athens.
Protection
using long walls all the way to the sea as well as a powerful navy
Beautification
the creation of public buildings and temples
Democracy
the strengthening of democracy by an even spread of power between rich and poor citizens 
Greece vs. Persia
Ten years after their defeat at the Battle of Marathon, the Persian army, under the leadership of King Xerxes, returned to try and conquer Greece.

​The first encounter was at the battle at Thermopylae, when the Persian army made most of the Greek army retreat, leaving 300 Spartan soldiers to hold them off; fighting to the death. ​
THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR
After the death of Pericles, Sparta demanded that Athens release all the other cities under their control or face war.
CAUSE:
  • plague in Athens
  • Athen's slave labor runs off
  • allies join Sparta
  • Athenians leave ships unprotected


------
Athens loses the Peloponnesian War
------
EFFECT:
  • ​Golden Age of Athens ends
  • democracy declines
ALEXANDER THE GREAT
CAUSE:
  • Greek philosopher teaches Alexander
  • Alexander sets up Greek style cities in conquered lands



------
Hellenistic 
​Age
​------
EFFECT:
  • Greek culture blends with the culture of Egypt, Persia, India, and other conquered areas
CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE GREEKS
Greek Art
architecture, sculpture, 
​& literature
Greek Thought
​history, philosophy, 
​& democracy
Videos
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